Cosmopolitanism Part 3

Globalized elite recognizes and M. Castells and in contrast to other various movements, feminist, ecological, ethnic, religious, which he estimates as a potential force for the formation of forward looking identity, he treats it as consisting of individuals have a less pronounced identity (“citizens of the world”). “The new globalized poor” less involved in globalization. Their real space functioning quite small. The variety of culture, which appears complete as the ability to comprehend the modern world for the rich, replaced them sometimes substitute variety, which carries a mass culture  more accessible and aggressive “to conquer his audience. On the cosmopolitanism of modern mass society, which can contribute but which cannot maintain their national face, writes.

In higher layers globalized society cosmopolitanism appeared on the breadth of world views and real opportunities to realize their needs and hear the spare the interests of the scale of the global space, in the lower strata of society  from mastering surrogates mass culture and the lack of freely make their choice. In the first case it is a real existence in a globalized cultural space, the second  the simulation, in the sense that the means media promotes virtual space and creating opportunities assimilation of values, norms, standards and so on. Other crops, real opportunities for contact with other cultures, in addition to information about them, so On an individual not. A distinctive feature of the two types of cosmopolitanism is freedom of choice of attitude; Another thing is that the material selection and criteria digest values  different. An example of this difference may be the fate of several publishing projects. One is focused on scientific and artistic elite: an international journal, in which all the materials published in the original, published in 1896 1898 gg. In Paris. Since 1997 under that name in the country pashas published anthology, which is now defunct. Currently comes in several languages, including magazine,  according to his publisher, world’s most popular magazine for young women, known for his independent style, helps women to solve their problems, make dreams and achieve set goals. The magazine is designed for a mass audience, unlike the first two of these issues. Accordingly the conclusion is that culture can be measure arising from the specific characteristics of subcultures: elite, media, professional, youth.

Cosmopolitan outlook due to the leveling of state (national, regional) stained values and the assimilation of the individual values of different local cultures. His attitude is collected from a variety of disparate elements, he learned only one known on what basis (or without it), but rather by accident. This collection looks some integrity in the sense that it has one subject: integrity, which includes diversity. But all of them are compatible and not stitched together its feature and a certain universality, which grows the concept of “universal values.” In this case, the character of this collection provides a cosmopolitan attitude, should be called universal, because it has lost its attitude private mediation and now measurable scale.

“Cosmopolitanism” and “universality” is often used by researchers in a semantic context for equally characterize processes taking place in the modern world in their joint book, “What awaits us in 90 years? Mega Trends: Year 2000”, devoting a separate chapter the problem of universal life and opposes it cultural nationalism, begin presentation of quoting statements about “The world is becoming more and more cosmopolitan, and we all affect each other.” Brings in semantic context these concepts and earlier cited: “As a supporter of the Enlightenment cosmopolitanism I truly believe: if Europe has a future  despite the recent ethnic strife in Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, the Soviet Union and so on,  it is impossible without the spirit of universalism. We must overcome national boundaries as archaic, while respecting national characteristics. Mechanisms universalization of culture in globalization lead to a combination of diversity.

First term “cosmopolitan” characterized due to the lack of absence: the lack of ideas of patriotism, nationality, country feeling, etc.  we propose to define the term “cosmopolitan” based on the availability and completeness: a combination of values of different cultures, national traditions, various regional spaces. Thus, the subject appears as a cosmopolitan, combining in his attitude many human dimensions and thus is able to understand the individuality of those who prefer to keep their traditional national or other identity.